[Q] Boot Splash ? - LG Optimus 4X HD

does anyone know how to chance the boot splash in the kernel, on cm10.1 i want to try to chance it to something else

This tool may help you https://play.google.com/store/apps/...wxLDMsImNvbS5qcnVtbXkubGliZXJ0eS50b29sYm94Il0.

thiagodm said:
This tool may help you https://play.google.com/store/apps/...wxLDMsImNvbS5qcnVtbXkubGliZXJ0eS50b29sYm94Il0.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks, but how can i chance the splash screen in the app ?

FettleifIsMyUserName said:
thanks, but how can i chance the splash screen in the app ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Another way. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6peeuPYoapk

thiagodm said:
Another way. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6peeuPYoapk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Oh not the boot animation the boot splash thats the screen before the boot animation, the lg logo i want to chance that

To the best of my knowledge it can be changed but it will require quite a lot of work and some googling. I believe the boot splash is contained within bootloader, which I believe is a boot.IMG ull have extract that find the files to replace. The hard part is the files are not just jpgs or pngs they are a obscure image format a quick Google showed someone found a way of converting them but the rest is up to you

Look for initlogo.rle. It is a file loaded by init on each boot, if it exists. It is located in root and by default you won't find it and you have to create one. You have to un- and repack the boot.img to edit that file.
The file has a special format. For more information, look here.
Also, keep in mind that this will not change the LG logo built into the bootloader. With our knowledge so far, it cannot be changed.

Adam77Root said:
Look for initlogo.rle. It is a file loaded by init on each boot, if it exists. It is located in root and by default you won't find it and you have to create one. You have to un- and repack the boot.img to edit that file.
The file has a special format. For more information, look here.
Also, keep in mind that this will not change the LG logo built into the bootloader. With our knowledge so far, it cannot be changed.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
thanks, i wanted to try this because this was possible on the lg optimus 2x from officail 2.2-2.3 but they removed it from the official ics
but ill see what i can do

FettleifIsMyUserName said:
thanks, i wanted to try this because this was possible on the lg optimus 2x from officail 2.2-2.3 but they removed it from the official ics
but ill see what i can do
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Have any success? I would like to try this as well
Sent from my Optimusx4 using xda app-developers app

Related

[Help] How to make a bootscreen?

Hi guys,
Im currently working on my Hello Moto theme again but i want to incorporate a bootscreen, does anyone know how to make one from a .gif?
Mike
You need CreateG1Splash.
Tutorial is here...
http://android-dls.com/wiki/index.php?title=Creating_Splashboot_Images
Just go down half the page,download the zip. Creat an image in .png and use CreateG1Splash.exe to convert.... Next yoou need to flash it on your device.
Fastboot flash splash1 C:\Mysplash.rgb565 (if it is in your root of the C: drive).
bonesy said:
You need CreateG1Splash.
Tutorial is here...
http://android-dls.com/wiki/index.php?title=Creating_Splashboot_Images
Just go down half the page,download the zip. Creat an image in .png and use CreateG1Splash.exe to convert.... Next yoou need to flash it on your device.
Fastboot flash splash1 C:\Mysplash.rgb565 (if it is in your root of the C: drive).
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
isnt that just a stand still image? I want to make the moving thingy
the SPLASHSCREEN is the very first image. it is flashed through fastboot (and only through fastboot) and is a still image.
the BOOTSCREEN is the animated gif which is played after the splashscreen is shown, until the ui has loaded. it is a part of the rom, can be pushed via adb or flashed via update.zip.
kendong2 said:
the SPLASHSCREEN is the very first image. it is flashed through fastboot (and only through fastboot) and is a still image.
the BOOTSCREEN is the animated gif which is played after the splashscreen is shown, until the ui has loaded. it is a part of the rom, can be pushed via adb or flashed via update.zip.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
ah sorry but still, how do i make a bootscreen ?
Mikeytjee said:
ah sorry but still, how do i make a bootscreen ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Make an animated .gif of the right resolution (not sure exactly but I think it's anything smaller than the screen res..) and flash it to the correct folder.
G8D said:
Make an animated .gif of the right resolution (not sure exactly but I think it's anything smaller than the screen res..) and flash it to the correct folder.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Tnx man ! it worked
I know I have posted this on another thread, but redmdc should be praised for this. Check the thread below, you can put your own bootscreen in and change other aspects in a gui.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=635456
Bad4ss said:
I know I have posted this on another thread, but redmdc should be praised for this. Check the thread below, you can put your own bootscreen in and change other aspects in a gui.
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=635456
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It can be done for free as well. In dsxida's kitchen
dsxida's kitchen
grassiekuik said:
It can be done for free as well. In dsxida's kitchen
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you post a link to dsxida's kitchen cheers
RichardFHTC said:
Can you post a link to dsxida's kitchen cheers
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's in the G2 rom development forum
ok guys, total noob here... i want to know if i can create a bootscreen with like a key in the ignition of a car and then flip to a motor shot and have a cranking engine as the boot up tone? if you understand what im sayin. any info helps.
thanks,
cory

[Q] [NAND][Android] Change 2nd Bootscreen

I am looking for a way to change the SECOND Splash/Bootscreen. The one that comes after MGLDR and before the bootanimation.
I have searched a lot in this forum, but i can find only tutorials to change the frist splashscreen or the bootanimation.
Any help?
Agreed. I really want to know how to do this.
feloccio said:
I am looking for a way to change the SECOND Splash/Bootscreen. The one that comes after MGLDR and before the bootanimation.
I have searched a lot in this forum, but i can find only tutorials to change the frist splashscreen or the bootanimation.
Any help?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If you know how to edit initrd.gz, then you can change it.
Sent from my HD2 Droid HD using XDA App
jose makalolot said:
If you know how to edit initrd.gz, then you can change it.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Can you tell me more about that?
Now that NAND ANDROID is a reality for the HD2 I have seen users asking for Android Splash Screens so I thought I would make some and pass them on. I am also supplying the LEO Stock Splash Screen if you want to go back.
Simply follow the instructions:
1. Download the desired Splash Screen and extract the contents to a new folder on your pc.
2. Shut down your phone (doesnt matter if you have already flashed a NAND Android Rom)
3. Enter Bootloader Mode by Holding the 'Volume Down' button while briefly pressing the 'Power' button. Keep holding the 'Volume Down' button until the tri colour screen appears.
4. Plug in your usb cable so that it says 'usb' at the bottom of the screen
5. Run the CustomRuu.exe file and follow the instructions
6. When flashing is complete the phone will reboot
-mskip
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=895089
the_hd2_cracker said:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=895089
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thats not the Screen he's talkin about.
shorty1483 said:
Thats not the Screen he's talkin about.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Aaaah...okay...that would be really interesting...
feloccio said:
Can you tell me more about that?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Initrd.gz is is found in boot partition of each build along with zImage. If you know how to gunzip and edit files inside that file, then you can change the image after magldr/before bootanimation.zip.
Sent from my HD2 Droid HD using XDA App
Hi,
I was looking to change this as well and found this:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=905538&highlight=boot+animation
I used "root explorer" method and worked for me.
czacha234 said:
Hi,
I was looking to change this as well and found this:
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=905538&highlight=boot+animation
I used "root explorer" method and worked for me.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
OP is not talking about that but the image before that.
Sent from my HD2 Droid HD using XDA App
I would like to know how to change the 2nd boot image (after MAGLDR and before boot animation) as well, anyone know how to do it? ty in advance for your help!
mythek88 said:
I would like to know how to change the 2nd boot image (after MAGLDR and before boot animation) as well, anyone know how to do it? ty in advance for your help!
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Have you tried google?
Keyword: logo.rle and initrd.gz
Sent from my HD2 Droid HD using XDA App
http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=996667&highlight=logo.rle

Development closed (Thread can be deleted)

Development closed
Development closed
Why not simply link to official twrp download link
And what insecure servers 0.0
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
LastStandingDroid said:
Why not simply link to official twrp download link
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I just created a complete package, so even the hardest noob can free his device.
In case you mean link TWRP in the Credits, of course I will do that.
Didn't think about that idea.
Thanks, mate.
LastStandingDroid said:
And what insecure servers 0.0
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
To get files from official samsung repository you need to have a decryption key and that algorithm is not that hard to keep us out. :laugh:
Уважением/Regards,
Out of Order said:
I just created a complete package, so even the hardest noob can free his device.
In case you mean link TWRP in the Credits, of course I will do that.
Didn't think about that idea.
Thanks, mate.
To get files from official samsung repository you need to have a decryption key and that algorithm is not that hard to keep us out.[emoji23]
Уважением/Regards,
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Hmm what files you mean is there?
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
LastStandingDroid said:
Hmm what files you mean is there?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
The ROM Files of course.
Out of Order said:
The ROM Files of course.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
So you're talking about the system images now or if wow have it "decrypted" can you link info in pm (if Web browsing link"
Because I simply don't it
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
LastStandingDroid said:
So you're talking about the system images now or if wow have it "decrypted" can you link info in pm
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
It's not a web browser link, it's bit more complicated.
Every request needs a special generated samsung request token, and that's a little developer secret.
In reference to the decrypting I'm still stucking a little bit. I can extract it exactly bit to bit and modify the system.img files, thats not the point.
The point is to get the modified files back into a working .img file that can be integrated along with boot.img and all its components to a .tar.md5 file.
If you want, I upload you all of the extracted system files, maybe two brains are better than one.
But I am sure you are smart enough to get your system.img extracted by yourself, since you released your own custom ROM and a tutorial.
Уважением/Regards,
Out of Order said:
It's not a web browser link, it's bit more complicated.
Every request needs a special generated samsung request token, and that's a little developer secret.
In reference to the decrypting I'm still stucking a little bit. I can extract it exactly bit to bit and modify the system.img files, thats not the point.
The point is to get the modified files back into a working .img file that can be integrated along with boot.img and all its components to a .tar.md5 file.
If you want, I upload you all of the extracted system files, maybe two brains are better than one.
But I am sure you are smart enough to get your system.img extracted by yourself, since you released your own custom ROM and a tutorial.
Уважением/Regards,
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Ah uhm well thats not the part I know about since none of my images will work
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
LastStandingDroid said:
Ah uhm well thats not the part I know about since none of my images will work
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Thought you released your APA3 debloated ROM. Doesn't it work?
If so, we're in the same ****ing boat. :laugh:
I tried all possible ways, from Windows Tools over Linux ext4 tools but none of them get the right bit size for the image to flash properly.
For god's sake, bljad*.
Anyways, if you made a way to solve this problem, let me know.
Same goes for me, if I do, I'll drop you a message.
Уважением/Regards,
*bljad is the russian equivalent to ****
Out of Order said:
Thought you released your APA3 debloated ROM. Doesn't it work?
If so, we're in the same ****ing boat.[emoji23]
I tried all possible ways, from Windows Tools over Linux ext4 tools but none of them get the right bit size for the image to flash properly.
For god's sake, bljad*.
Anyways, if you made a way to solve this problem, let me know.
Same goes for me, if I do, I'll drop you a message.
Уважением/Regards,
*bljad is the russian equivalent to ****
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Uhm well there was a typo my images doesn't work with odin I don't know why. And It isn't really needed as long as we have twrp sure it be good if we can make a tar out of the modified images I know djemby created images for s4 which came pre rooted but again, that was due to cache modified files? Not sure if he ever touched system image
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
I have downloaded package. I am waiting for my phone to charge to 100% and to start with tutorial
I hope that I will not F*** something up
WeberKG said:
I have downloaded package. I am waiting for my phone to charge to 100% and to start with tutorial
I hope that I will not F*** something up
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
You either do or you won't.
Worst thing is it won't boot. But eventually if done correctly.
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
WeberKG said:
I hope that I will not F*** something up
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I made it as newbie-proof as I can. :laugh:
If you need any further assistance, let me know with a post or a private message.
Уважением/Regards,
I did not knew about FAP lock. It gave me some troubles at the start... I am doing this for the first time on Samsung device.
I have done it all, except #12. I could not flash auto root. Dont know why...
WeberKG said:
I have done it all, except #12. I could not flash auto root. Dont know why...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Due to FAP Lock.
This happens if your device is brand new or while the first ROM flash, due to the stock disabled setting of OEM Unlock.
Resolve:
#1 - Add your Google Account to your new flashed ROM
#2 - Settings - About Device - Tap 7 times on build number to enable developer options.
#3 - Settings - Developer Options - Enable OEM Unlock - Enable USB Debugging.
#4 - Power Off - Remove Battery - Press Power a few times (to eliminate the rest electricity like on a pc)
#5 - Insert Battery - Boot into Download Mode - Continue with Step #12 (Rooting)
If you still have any trouble, let me know.
Уважением/Regards,
LastStandingDroid said:
Uhm well there was a typo my images doesn't work with odin I don't know why. And It isn't really needed as long as we have twrp sure it be good if we can make a tar out of the modified images I know djemby created images for s4 which came pre rooted but again, that was due to cache modified files? Not sure if he ever touched system image
Sent from my SM-G903F using Tapatalk
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
well dunno if it can help but i got this using sparsechunk2img:
number of sparse chunks is 3502
WILMANS2M said:
well dunno if it can help but i got this using sparsechunk2img:
number of sparse chunks is 3502
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
If I understand right, he's stucking with putting it back into working system.img.
Yep.
Envoyé de mon GT-I9505 en utilisant Tapatalk
I found a way how to repack it into system.img but I requires the file_contexts file.
Mine doesn't work I get a lot of line errors.
Maybe anyone has a solution.

Any ToT file for disabling big cores?

Hello everyone.
Unfortunately my lg g4 bootlooped. And after extensive Google search, i see that most models have a tot file which disables big cores so u can run the phone on the small cores
Does the T-Mobile variant have such a tot file? if yes then can somebody give me the link? if no then can somebody create one using the following info?
Agimax said:
Why not just edit the files below for the two large cores (if you have root):
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/online (open file and change from a one to a zero)
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/online (open file and change from a one to a zero)
You could also just have the startup file do it (can modify the ripped system partition & put back on phone):
etc/dir/init.qcom.post_boot.sh (find your processor code - 8992 and add echo lines there with the rest of the cpu commands)
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Please I'd be highly thankful if someone can help
XeniX_Force said:
Hello everyone.
Unfortunately my lg g4 bootlooped. And after extensive Google search, i see that most models have a tot file which disables big cores so u can run the phone on the small cores
Does the T-Mobile variant have such a tot file? if yes then can somebody give me the link? if no then can somebody create one using the following info?
Please I'd be highly thankful if someone can help
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
no such thing for any american variant
raptorddd said:
no such thing for any american variant
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Cant someone with a working G4 crate one? i quoted a person who has given the way how to...
XeniX_Force said:
Cant someone with a working G4 crate one? i quoted a person who has given the way how to...
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
not sure . i cant...
sort of read this quickly does this help.? https://www.xda-developers.com/nexus-6p-bootloop-fix/
raptorddd said:
not sure . i cant...
sort of read this quickly does this help.? https://www.xda-developers.com/nexus-6p-bootloop-fix/
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Well he also created modified boot images which disable the big cores. Can't someone create that for our device?
maybe @steadfasterX can
XeniX_Force said:
Well he also created modified boot images which disable the big cores. Can't someone create that for our device?
maybe @steadfasterX can
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
TWRP installed?
Then u could just modify the init file but I believe its too late. once bootlooping the run is over afaik.
.
steadfasterX said:
TWRP installed?
Then u could just modify the init file but I believe its too late. once bootlooping the run is over afaik.
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
yeah I'm bootlooped
Someone also fixed the Nexus 6 bootloop by creating modified images which disable the big cores.
Can't we(mostly you, you're the big dev) create a similar modified image that we can flash through LGUP?
XeniX_Force said:
yeah I'm bootlooped
Someone also fixed the Nexus 6 bootloop by creating modified images which disable the big cores.
Can't we(mostly you, you're the big dev) create a similar modified image that we can flash through LGUP?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you may have overseen it but I asked: TWRP installed?
and new question: bootloader unlocked?
I can't create TOT files
.
steadfasterX said:
you may have overseen it but I asked: TWRP installed?
and new question: bootloader unlocked?
I can't create TOT files
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
I'm bootlooped. can't reach anything except download mode
and yeah bootloader was unlocked.
oh you can't create tot files? aren't they just system images?
XeniX_Force said:
I'm bootlooped. can't reach anything except download mode
and yeah bootloader was unlocked.
oh you can't create tot files? aren't they just system images?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Afaik you need a box to create tot files.
Besides this I have never created any big core disabling but I know @the_naxhoo has.
if you can reach the download mode you could flash with the lglaf shell a modified boot image which is doing the job. If you do not have Linux get your copy of FWUL which has everything on board (like the lglaf shell).
The modded boot image has to disable the cores either by the cmdline or the sys echo or both. I saw that cmdline thing during my unlock attempts and think those are much better then the echo to sys..
Creating a kdz would be maybe possible
creating a TWRP zip for sure but I'm very very busy at the moment...
So just one more time (as still not answered.. ) do you had TWRP installed before the bootloop occurs?
...and If so what happens when you try to get into it?
.
Sent from my LG-H815 using XDA Labs
steadfasterX said:
Afaik you need a box to create tot files.
Besides this I have never created any big core disabling but I know @the_naxhoo has.
if you can reach the download mode you could flash with the lglaf shell a modified boot image which is doing the job. If you do not have Linux get your copy of FWUL which has everything on board (like the lglaf shell).
The modded boot image has to disable the cores either by the cmdline or the sys echo or both. I saw that cmdline thing during my unlock attempts and think those are much better then the echo to sys..
Creating a kdz would be maybe possible
creating a TWRP zip for sure but I'm very very busy at the moment...
So just one more time (as still not answered.. ) do you had TWRP installed before the bootloop occurs?
...and If so what happens when you try to get into it?
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
i had twrp but now when i try to access twrp i get to wipe everything screen which then hangs when I choose yes
yeah I can get FWUL but i need steps to know what to do....
I even asked @XCnathan32 who just fixed the Nexus 6p bootloop to have a look into our device maybe he can benefit from this information u just posted.
XeniX_Force said:
i had twrp but now when i try to access twrp i get to wipe everything screen which then hangs when I choose yes
yeah I can get FWUL but i need steps to know what to do....
I even asked @XCnathan32 who just fixed the Nexus 6p bootloop to have a look into our device maybe he can benefit from this information u just posted.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
Cmdline is how I disabled the cores on the Nexus, the fix is easy to do on a boot.img, but LG uses the KDZ files, which use a totally different file structure, and I'm not sure if the LG flash tool has file checks, even on unlocked bootloaders. I will do some research and see what I can do. If anyone has any knowledge on modifying kdz files, please tell me.
XCnathan32 said:
Cmdline is how I disabled the cores on the Nexus, the fix is easy to do on a boot.img, but LG uses the KDZ files, which use a totally different file structure, and I'm not sure if the LG flash tool has file checks, even on unlocked bootloaders. I will do some research and see what I can do. If anyone has any knowledge on modifying kdz files, please tell me.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
asked steadfasterx about kdz and his reply is as follows
steadfasterX said:
me too. never created KDZs yet but there are tools for it - afaik.
My first approach would have been to flash the boot image in the download mode with the lglaf shell (https://github.com/steadfasterX/lglaf/tree/g4) .
requires to do a flash of a modified boot image with dd on /dev/block/mmcblk0 with the correct seek ..
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
XCnathan32 said:
Cmdline is how I disabled the cores on the Nexus, the fix is easy to do on a boot.img, but LG uses the KDZ files, which use a totally different file structure, and I'm not sure if the LG flash tool has file checks, even on unlocked bootloaders. I will do some research and see what I can do. If anyone has any knowledge on modifying kdz files, please tell me.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
you may take a look on this: https://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2179431
not sure if that works though.. (quite old)
.
steadfasterX said:
you may take a look on this: https://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2179431
not sure if that works though..
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
But cant we just create a modified boot img and twrp img and flash through lglaf. then flash a rom zip though twrp?
XeniX_Force said:
But cant we just create a modified boot img and twrp img and flash through lglaf. then flash a rom zip though twrp?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
sure thats what I said before
.
steadfasterX said:
sure thats what I said before
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
can u provide a stock boot img for Nathan to edit?
XeniX_Force said:
can u provide a stock boot img for Nathan to edit?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
sure what was your installed ROM and version? best would be a link to it as well..
.
steadfasterX said:
sure what was your installed ROM and version? best would be a link to it as well..
.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
stock. i was using lineage but I returned to stock and got bootloop after some days.
XeniX_Force said:
stock. i was using lineage but I returned to stock and got bootloop after some days.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
tell me the exact version. v10h, v10n, v20g, v20o .. there are dozens of versions out there..
.

Change bootsplash troubleshooting

Hello, I am new to xda and I hope you can help me
I changed the bootsplash of my s10 with TWRP following this tutorial.
It works well as you can see in boot_aston.jpg. But after this screen I have another samsung one as you can see in boot_samsung.jpg.
Is it possible to edit or delete this screen ?
EDIT 1 : I decompressed the up_param tar to see what was inside and it seems that the samsung screen isn't in there...
Firerazzer said:
Hello, I am new to xda and I hope you can help me
I changed the bootsplash of my s10 with TWRP following this tutorial.
It works well as you can see in boot_aston.jpg. But after this screen I have another samsung one as you can see in boot_samsung.jpg.
Is it possible to edit or delete this screen ?
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
there must be another place that you need to change the file the bootloader is looking for if its showing you 2 different pictures.
Youdoofus said:
there must be another place that you need to change the file the bootloader is looking for if its showing you 2 different pictures.
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
This is what I deduced too. But I'm totally a noob on the Android bootloader so I don't know where to look for that second image. I have already searched everywhere on XDA but no one seems to be talking about it ...
SOLUTION :
When rooted in a adb shell, delete the system/media/bootsamsung.qmg file.
Works perfectly for me
Firerazzer said:
SOLUTION :
When rooted in a adb shell, delete the system/media/bootsamsung.qmg file.
Works perfectly for me
Click to expand...
Click to collapse
well, there ya go! i assume that by deleting the second image it no longer thinks it has 2 to display thereby making it just use that one the user wanted in the first place
In up_param.bin image.jpg and image svb_orange.jpg need be the same.
I have a feeling that's just the stock boot animation
But I like that Aston Martin boot splash,can I get one for the s10e

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